1. Get close to your subject. Unless shooting a landscape, use all your available space by either moving physically closer or using the zoom feature. Eliminate most of the background distraction out of your shot, by allowing the subject to take up the whole frame. It is better to crop and resize a good close-up then to try to blow up a distant subject.
2. Check your composition. When framing the shot, place the subject off center so that they occupy a third to one half of the total composition. Look at the subject as a shape or form to determine the best angle and never put the horizon in the center of the frame.
3. Steady the camera. Camera movement will result in blurry photos. If you do not have a tripod to place the camera on, plant your feet firmly, tuck your elbows in close to your body, and slowing press the shutter button in one fluid motion.
4. Vary the light source. The closer the subject is to the light source, the stronger the shadows and contrast. Direct light, whether natural or flash, creates a hard light source and strong shadows. Diffused light, whether natural or flash, creates a soft light and more even tones. Natural light produces the best colors, especially with skin tones, so when working indoor, try to use the natural light coming from a window.
5. Look for contrasts between colors. Think in terms of shades of white, gray, and black in a black and white photo. One-color subjects should show great contrasts between the shades.
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